¿Qué es la Hipermetropía?

La hipermetropía es un defecto visual causado por un globo ocular mas corto provocando dificultad para enfocar objetos cercanos, y en caso mas severos, dificultad para enfocar objetos lejanos. Las personas con hipermetropía se quejan de visión borrosa, astenopia, disfunción acomodativa, ambliopía y estrabismo. Con frecuencia se confunde la presbicia con la hipermetropía ya que pueden padecer mala visión cercana. Las causas de la hipermetropía son genéticas ya sea por un ojo mas pequeño o una cornea mas plana causando que imágenes se enfoquen por detrás de la retina.

Signos y Sintomas

Visión borrosa con los objetos cercanos
Ojos cruzados (o desviados también llamado estrabismo)
Dolor ocular
Cansancio ocular
Dolores de cabeza al leer

¿Como se trata?

En niños, los anteojos son la única opción para ayudar a los pacientes ver correctamente y eliminar las molestias asociadas con la hipermetropía.

Para las personas que no desean utilizar anteojos existe para aquellos mayores de 18 anos la opción de la cirugía refractiva con láser (FemtoLASIK).

Para las personas mayores de 40 años que usualmente padecen de presbicia en conjunto con la hipermetropía pueden ser candidatos a técnicas como PresbyMAX o Cirugía Facorefractiva con Lente Multifocal.

What is Hyperopia?
 
Hyperopia, commonly known as being farsighted, being longsighted, or hypermetropia, is a defect of vision caused by an imperfection in the eye (often when the eyeball is too short or the lens cannot become round enough), causing difficulty focusing on near objects, and in extreme cases causing a sufferer to be unable to focus on objects at any distance. As an object moves toward the eye, the eye must increase its optical power to keep the image in focus on the retina. If the power of the cornea and lens is insufficient, as in hyperopia, the image will appear blurred. People with hyperopia can experience blurred vision, asthenopia, accommodative dysfunction, amblyopia, and strabismus. Presbyopes who report good far vision typically experience blurry near vision because of a reduced accommodative amplitude brought about by natural aging changes with the crystalline lens. It is also sometimes referred to as farsightedness, since in otherwise normally-sighted persons it makes it more difficult to focus on near objects than on far objects. The causes of hyperopia are typically genetic and involve an eye that is too short or a cornea that is too flat, so that images focus at a point behind the retina.

Signs and symptoms
 
Blurred vision of close objects Crossed eyes in some children Eye strain Headache while reading

Treatment
 
Corrective eyeglasses are generally prescribed. Refractive surgery such as LASIK is an option for patients with hyperopia over the age of 18 years. For patients over the age of 40 years of age with hyperopia and presbyopia new alternative techniques such as PresbyMAX and Refractive Lens Exchange with multifocal lens are helping patients achieve eyeglass independence.